Glaciers of Uttrakhand
Large of chunks of ice moving down the slopes, floating downstream in their icy magnificence lead one, not only to marvel at these creations of nature but also to ponder over their broader function in influencing the existence of life… since they are essentially water in frozen from. Spectacular and magnificent, the Glaciers have a life and beauty of their own and feed the perennial rivers originating from the Himalayas . They are on integral part of the mountain landscape and are found in all parts of the world, where the rate of precipitation is grater than the rate of melting of snow, a condition exclusive to mountainous regions. The snow line however depends upon the altitude and the accordingly varies from 4500 mts. To 5400 mts. In the Himalayas to the sea level in the polar regions.the Himalayan glaciers are called temperate valley type and are much smaller in size as compared to polar glaciers. Glaciers are of special interest to mountaineers as they often provide the easiest approach to a peak.
Uttrakhand Himalaya, can be broadly classified for its glaciers into the two regions og Garhwal and Kumaon. The glaciers which lie in these regions can be listed as:
Garhwal Kumaon
1. Dokrani Glacier 1. Pindari Glacier
2. Bandarpunch Glacier 2. Kaphni Glacier
3. Khatling Glacier 3. Maiktoli Glacier
4. Chorbari Glacier 4. Sundardhunga Glacier
5. Doonagiri Glacier 5. Milam Glacier
6. Tipra Bamak Glacier 6. Ralam Glacier
7. Satopanth Bhagirathi Kharak Glacier 7. Namik Glacier
9. Gangotri Glacier
Glaciers of Garhwal Himalaya
Dokrani Glacier
Dokriani Bamak (Bamak is the local name of the glacier) is another will developed medium-size glacier of the Bhagirathi basin. the glacier is formed by two cirquws, originating at the northern slope of Draupadi-ka-Danda and jaonli peak, 5600 m and 600 m respectively. The glacier is 5 kms. Long and flows in the northwest direction terminating at an elevation of 3800 m. the stream originating from the glacier’s melted water is called Dingad which later joins many other snow\ice melted stream and finally merges into Bhagirathi river near bukky village. There are serval well-developed meadows and proglacial lakes located 2 kms. Below the snout of the glacier. These meadows, lakes and other formations themselves tell us the past history and behaviour of the glacier and also provide good camping sites.
The glacier is easily approachable from Uttarkashi. Nearly 56 kms. From Uttarkashi on the road to Gangotri, bukki village is 2 kms. From the bus terminus situated on the right bank of Bhagirathi river. On the way to Dokriani glacier, one has to walk 23 kms. From the roar (bukki village). After crossing the Bhagirathi river a footpath flows along the steep mountain slopes up to Tela camp (2500 m). from tela to Gujjar hut a 12 km. rung along the Dingad stream is a rout offered to cross the serval up and down ridgs, many small and big strams and dense mixed forests of deodar, Rhododendron, oak, pine etc. provide an atmosphere of perfect peace and tranquility. Overwhelmed by sucs heart-touching beauty one crosses the way without difficulties. Gujjar hut (a summer camp of gujjars with their buffaloes) is located at a height of 3500 m.; just 5 kms. Below the Dokriani Glaciers.
Trek
Base Camp - Nainital
Bukki to Dokriani Glacier 23 kms. .
Bukki to Bukki village 2 kms.
Bukki to Kheratal 17 kms.
Kheratal to Dokriani Glacier 5 kms.
Bukki to Uttarkashi Rishikesh 34 kms.
Uttarkashi to Rishikesh 149 kms.
Gujjar hut is the gateway of the valley. The valley has a gentle slope with different land features formed by the glacier and surrounded by snow-peaks. This place is good gor caping and one can wakl up to the glacier and adjoining areas and climb the small peaks . only gujjar huts and a base camp (near the glacier snout) of wadia institue of Himalayan Geology, Dehardun lie on the way. One visiting the area has to make his own arrangement for food, tents and light warm clothes. The best season to visit is throughout summer and autumn. Besides the above two glaciers, kedar, rudugaira and jaonil are some other glacier which are approachable by the same way.
Bandarpunch Glacier
Bandarpunch is an important glacier of yamuna river basin. The glacier is 12 kms. Long situatedon the northern slopes of Bandarapunch a peak (6316 m), Bandarapunch west (6102 m) and khatling peak (6387 m). the glacier is formed by there cirque glaciers and later join on a gentle slope and is bounded by lateral the moraines, which indicate the last surface level of the glacier.
Trek
Base Camp Nainital
Taluka to Bandarpunch 23 kms.
Taluka to seema\osla 14 kms.
Seema to Bandarpunch 15 kms.
Taluka to Mussorie 171 kms.
Mussorie to dehradun 36 kms.
By Road
Dehradun to Taluka 207 kms.
The glacier can be approached from Dehradun to sankri-saur by bus and from sankri-saur to taluka,11 kms. By jeep or light vehicle, than osla, 14 kms. Osla ruinsara one can visit the glacier and surrounding area.
Khatling Glacier
This lateral glacier situated in their district is the source of river Bhilangana. The glacier is surrounded by snow peaks of the jogin group (6466 m), sphetic priswar (6905m), barte kauter (6579 m) and meru. The moraines on the side of the glaciers look like standing walls of gravel mud.
The trek which starts from ghuttu is easily approachable by motor from Dehradun, Tehri, Mussori and the Rishikesh railhead. One has to trek about 45 kms. And pass through remote village with thick kharsao forest and wide open beautiful lush grassy meadows. The entry to the Bhilangna valley provides excellent spots for camping. Tents and adequate provisions need to be arranged in advance from Rishikesh, Tehri and Dehradun.
Trek
Base Camp Ghuttu
Ghuttu to Reeh 10 kms.
Reeh to Gangi 10 kms.
Gangi to Kalyani 5 kms.
Kalyani to Bhelbagi 13 kms.
Bhelbagi to Khatling 7 kms.
By Road
Ghuttu to Their 64 kms.
Their to Rishikesh 83 kms.
By rail
Rishikesh to Khatling 191 kms.
Chorbari Bamak Glacier
Chorbari Bamak Glacier is situated in Rudraprayag district of U. P. The glacier is 6 kms. Long and originates from the southern slope of Kedar-dome, Bhartekhunta and Kirti stambh and this hill range is the water divide which separates the Gangotri group of glacier and the chorbari glacier. Serval hanging glaciers and avalanche chutes feed the glacier.the lower part of the glacier is covered by thick debris and bounded by huge depositsof lateral moraines, the glacier starts from its accumulation zone (600 m) and terminates at an elevation of 3800 m, from where a snow\ice melt stream originates, called Ganghi-Sarovar.
Trek
Base Camp Gaurikund
Gaurikund to Chorbari Glacier 17 kms.
Gaurikund to Rambara 7 kms.
Rambara to Kedranath 7 kms.
Kedranath to Chorbari Glacier 3 kms.
By Road
Gaurikund to Rudraprayag 78 kms.
Rudraprayag to Rishikesh 143 kms.
By Rail
Rishikesh to Chorbari Glacier 238 kms.
Doonagiri Glacier
Doonagiri glacier is the one of the important glaciers of Dhauli Ghanga system of glacier where more than 500 glacier, of different shapes and size lie in the deep and narrow valleys. The important glacier here are: Changbang, Girthi, Hoti and Niti Glaciers, Doonagiri glacier is 5.5 kms. Long, extending between an eleavation from it head 5150 m to the snout 4240m, which is the terminal poient of the glacier. A stream origrinating from the glacier merges into Dhauli ganga near the Juma village.
The glacier is approachable from Juma on the way to Joshimath-malari road. 8 kms. From Juma lies thwe Doonagiri village. From Doonagiri village a 12 kms. Long foot trek runs along the Doonagiri stream to reach the glacier snout. Bagini is another glacier in this valley. Doonagiri is the last village in the valley. Near the vicinity of the glacier there is a good place for camping. The best time to visit the the place is mid may to mid October.
Trek
Juma to Doonargiri Glacieer 20 kms.
Juma to Doonargiri Village
Doonargiri to Doonargiri Glacieer 12 kms.
BY Road
Juma to Joshimath 43 kms.
Joshimath to Srinagar
Srinagra to Rishikesh 109 kms.
By Rail
Rishikesh To Glacier 319 kms.
Tiprabamak Glacier
Tipbramak (Bamak is the local name for the glacier) is a 6 km. long glacier of Bhyundar Ganga basin in the Alaknand Catchment. Nearly 16 glacier of various size and shapes exist in the basin, out of which only Tiprabamak and adjoining Ratanban glacier are of significance. The melted water discharge of these glaciers emerges from a single ice cave at the snout of the Tiprabamak. The glacier surface is covered by a thick deposit of debries and the upper part of the glacier is approachable through Joshimath-Badarinath road up to Govind- ghat. From Govind-Ghta is a 18 kms. bridle path which runs via Bhiundhar village upto Ghangaria-further 4 kms.. from Ghangaria, the famous valley of flowers is located at base of Kagbhusndi range of peaks. Ghangria is the only place for staying in this vicinity. The best time to visit the glacier is mid june to mid October.
Trek
Base Camp Govind
Govind Ghat to Tiprabamak Glacier 20 kms.
Govind Ghat to Ghangaria 14 kms.
Ghangaria to valley of flawers 4 kms.
By road
Govind Ghat to Joshimath 19 kms.
Govind Ghat to Srinagar
By Rail
Rail head Rishikesh to Tiprabamak Glacir 295 kms.
Satopanth, Bhagirathi-Kharak Glacier
The Satopanth and Bhagirathi-Kharak are important glacier in upper Alaknanda basin and are a surce of the river Alaknanda. These glacier are located 17 kms. From the famous temple of Badrinath
Milam Glacier
Situated on the south facing slope of the main Himalayan range is the 16 kms. Long,Milam Glacier. It originates from the slope of kohli and trishul peks. It acts as the source for the Milam river and a tributary of the Pindar river.
Trek
Base Camp Munsyari
Munsyari to Milam 12 kms.
Milam to Bagudyar 13 kms.
Bagudyar to Railkot 12 kms.
Railkot to Martoli 5 kms.
Martoli to Burfu 9 kms.
Burfu to Milam Glacier 5 kms.
By Rail
Kathgodam to Glacier 374 kms.
Nanda Devi Group of Glacier
Gangorti Glacier
Trek
By Road
Gangotri to Uttarkashi 99 kms.
Gangotri to Tehri 173 kms.
Their to Rishikesh 85 kms.
By Rail
Rishikrsh to Gangotri Glacier 267 kms.
Gangotri glacier is a well- know glacier in Garhwal Himalaya, situated in Uttrakashi district. The glacier originates at the northern slope of Chaukhamba range of peaks. This is not a single valley glacier, but a combination of serval other glaciers that are feed to it and from a huge mass of ice. Bhrigupanth (6772 m), Kirti stambh (6265), sumeru parvat, satopanth (8380) respectively and ratavana bamak, chaturangi bamak and swachand bamak lie on the northesast slope of srikailash, man parvat, satopanth and an un-named group of peaks. The glacier lie withina span of 28 kms. And terminates at Gaumukh (4000 m). the glacier flows at a gentle slope except for a few ice walls and creavices developed in the upper regions of the glacier where, as in the lower part (above the snout), the glacier is covered by debirs, which imparts a muddy appearance to its surface. The glacier is easily approachable. It is well connected by motorable road up to Gangotri temple and from there a 17 kms. Long bridle path follows along the right bank of the Bhagirathi river to Gaumukh, the snout of the glacier.
Glaciers of Kumaon Himalaya
Pindari Glacier
The Pindari glacier, in the Bageshwar district, falls in the KumaonHimalayas and has lured mountaineers and trekkers since the last century it is one of the most easily accessible of all the Himalayan Glacier. Pindari’s rugged Beauty offers a breathtaking sight, especially for the trekker who is in love with nature in all its pristing glory. The Pindari glacier is an unsurpassable and an exhilarating experience. It lies between the Nanda devi and Nandakot peks and terminates at an altitude of 3627 mts the glacier is 5 kms. Long the snout is about 6 m
Kaphini Glacier
The scenic beauty and the tranquility prevailing in this region has an unbeatable charm. The Kahini glacer lies left to the Pindar vealley bellow the famous peak of Nandakot
Trek
Base Camp song
Song to Kaphini Glacier 45 kms.
Song to Loharkhet 3 kms.
Loharkhet to Dhakuri 11 kms.
Dhakuri to Khati 8 kms.
Khati to Dwali 11 kms.
Dwali to Kaphini glacer 12 kms.
By Road
Song to Bageshwar 36 kms.
Song to Almora 109 kms.
Song to Kathgodam 119 kms.
By Rail
By RailKathgodam to Glacer 244 kms.
Maiktoli Glacier
To the west of the Pindari Glacier, situated on the southern slope of the Sunderdhuunga Khal, is the 5 kms. lopng Maiktoli glacier. This glacier forms the source of the river flowing on the steep slope for about 25 kms. before joining the Pindar river at Dhakuri Meadows.
The west of Maiktoli glacier is, the mrightuni glacier situated on the southern slope of the mrithuni, devotli peks.it is a 6 kms. long few towards the s-e direction of the valley, with snout opening an an elevation of 4000 m and as a stream, meting the Sunderdhunga river at a sunderdhunga (3206 kms.) after a trek of 8 kms. twords Khati village upto jaitoli and a bridle path along the western side of the Sunderdhunga, one reaches ata point from where the Maiktoli and the mrigthuni glacier become approacvhable.
Trek
Base Camp song
Song to Maiktoli Glacier 44 kms.
Song to Loherkhet 3 kms.
Loherkhet to Dhakuri 11 kms.
Dhakuri to Khati 8 kms.
Khati to Glacier 22 kms.
Sunderdhunga Glacier
One can also trek to the Sunderdhunga glacier while in the pindar region. It is a touch trek as compared to to pindari and kaphini. Sunderdhynga mans the valley of beautiful stones. This valley is situated to the west of the pindari valley and has two glacier to offer to trekkers and nature lovers, namely Maiktoli and sukharn. The route upto village Khati is common for both pindari and Sunderdhunga glacier the peak which offer a spectacular view when seen from here, are Tharkot (6100 m), Mrigthuni (6856 m), Maiktoli (6803 m) and panwalidwar (6663m). sunderghunga is approximately 24 kms. from the village Khati. From Khati one has go to village jatoli, which is 7 kms away.jotoli is the first night halt enroute to Sunderhunga glacier from. Jatoli upto dhungia Dhaun, about 8 kms. is a tough trek. One should spend the night in Dhungia Dhaun it is necessary to trek a guide even for experienced and professional trekkers. The next halt is Kathali, which is kms. from dhungia Dhaun. From Kathalia one can go to both Sukharm and Maiktoli glaciers. They are in opposite directions, 7 kms. from kathalia.
Trek
Base Camp
Song to Sunderdhungha Glacier 54 kms.
Song to Loharkhet to Dhakuri 3 kms.
Loharkhet to Dhakuri 11 kms.
Dhakuri to khathi 8 kms.
Kathi to Sundardhunga Glacier 30 kms.
By Rail
Kathgodam to Glacier 253 kms.
Ralam Glacier
The Glacier can be approached from Bageshwar and Pithoragarh upto Munsyari by road. A bridle path nearly 50 kms. Upto Burfu and further 10 kms.is a route which approaches the glacier.
Namik Glacier
The uppermost cathment of Ramganga east is lesser know and the least traveled region of Kumaon. It is also among the more difficult trekking areas go the higher Himalayas in one day, one reaches bala village near the famous birthi falls on the Thal Munsyari route. On the second day, one can stay at thala Bugyal. On the third day before reaching sudam khan on has to go through thal-thunk, chafua ranthan and malla ranthan.on fourty day after crossing Rahli, Nandakund and the ascent to Rumadhar, the trekkers reaches hiramani glacier and lasser stream coming down from Anargal to meet the main stream after passing through jogi Udiyar the ascent of Bhindawali and penthang.
Helpful Tips
Season
Because of the vastness of the terrain and altitude difference, trekking trips can be undertaken whole year round treks rang from low altitude treks in winter to the crossing of high pass in summer when the snowline recedes. It is also possible to combine all there river running, trekking and mountaineering. The conventronal trekking periods preferred are mid-April to May-June before the monsoon and after the rain in the months of september-october-november.
Team size and Precautions
Trekking is best enjoyed in small groups not excellding eight or ten. This also allows the hillside to regenerate. Larger parties create administrative problems and pollute the hillside. It is advisable to be medically examined before starting, hence narrowing down the possibility of altitude sickness. The first-aid kit should include basic medicines and bandages for cuts and burns, headache, nausca, constipation, diarrhea, sore throat, eye lotion and diuretic. cold cream should be applied libeally before the day’s walk. Running water from a stream should be used and washing done well downstream of camp-site. Above all it is essential to acclimatize and keep one’ own comforatable pace; allow for time to ‘stand & stare’ and height one’s perception by some prior reading on the area
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